1 1: Identify the subject and the predicate.

1. My parents and my sister have gone to the market.

2. The sun rises in the east.

3. I have met Mohan's father.

4. The teacher gave him a prize.

5. The foolish crow tried to be the peacock.

6. Lazy boys come last.

7. Seema has come first in the race.

8. Thousands of trees have been cut to construct the stadium.

2 2: Circle the direct objects and underline the indirect objects, if any, in the following sentences.

1. He taught Raja Maths.

2. I bought a cycle for my son.

3. The class listened to the story with full attention.

4. She gave him a gift.

5. I have an Indian pencil box.

6. Please buy me a school bag.

7. She gave a good advice.

8. The teacher told them a story.

9. Please accept my apology.

10. Father gave the guard his salary.

3 3: Circle the complements, if any, in the following sentences.

1. Mrs Tagore is very ill.

2. Manan bought a wrist watch for himself.

3. Jiya played well.

4. Prince is a polite child.

5. The police caught the thief.

6. She looks beautiful in her pink dress.

7. We will sing a song.

8. The woman seems tired.

4 4: Tick (✔) the correct options to identify the given sentences. Then, add punctuation marks accordingly at the end.

1. Roy is a great footballer (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

2. Do you want tea (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

3. How beautiful is the day (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

4. I cannot believe him to be the murderer (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

5. What on earth are you doing (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

6. What a beautiful view of the nature (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

7. Elephants have a good memory (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

8. Go and do your work (imperative, declarative, exclamatory, interrogative)

5 5: Underline the noun phrase.

1. Can you read the printed matter?

2. I saw the big crowd.

3. She hopes to win the first prize.

4. To confess one's guilt is difficult.

6 6: Underline the adjective phrases and circle the nouns they modify. One is done for you.

1. The girl, in the pink dress, is known to me.

2. The fruits, from our garden, are fresh and tasty.

3. The player, from Gujarat, failed to live up to our expectations.

4. The watchman, on duty that day, tried to stop the thief from entering the building.

7 7: Identify the adverb phrase, its type (manner, time, place) and circle the verb it modifies.

1. I supported the Indian team with all my heart.

2. In those days, my dad used to keep long hair.

3. Our team took defeat in a generous manner.

4. Children like to play every evening.

5. Everyone started losing their interest towards the end of the show.

6. We walked over the bridge.

7. We were able to finish it quite easily.

8. Monalisa bakes a new set of cookies every week.

8 8: Circle the phrases in the following sentences and tick (✔) whether they are adjective, adverb or noun phrases.

1. I love to read books.

(a) adverb phrase ▭

(b) noun phrase ▭

(c) adjective phrase ▭

2. The vase is made in India.

(a) noun phrase ▭

(b) adverb phrase ▭

(c) adjective phrase ▭

3. He is a boy of ten years.

(a) noun phrase ▭

(b) adverb phrase ▭

(c) adjective phrase ▭

4. The match will be held in this park.

(a) adverb phrase ▭

(b) adjective phrase ▭

(c) noun phrase ▭

5. I looked for the pencil in every possible place.

(a) adjective phrase ▭

(b) noun phrase ▭

(c) adverb phrase ▭

1 1: Fill in the blanks with nouns given in the box and write their types.

(swarm milk sincerity army park gold boys music tolerance intelligence)

1. His ____________ was appreciated by the teacher.

2. The project has been prepared by the____________ of class VIII.

3. The children are playing in the____________.

4. Aman's ____________ has made him what he is today.

5. The____________ marched to the battlefield.

6. If we had____________ many problems would have been solved.

7. Two litres of ____________ is sufficient for making the pudding.

8. The audience enjoyed the ____________.

9. A____________ of bees gathered in the garden.

10. Her bangles are made of ____________.

2 2: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of nouns given in brackets.

1. It is not easy to break these doors made of____________ (iron/irons)

2. He was giving her____________ (advice/advices) when the phone rang.

3. We should give____________ to the poor. (alm/alms)

4. Do you like____________? (fish/fishes)

5. Please buy two____________ (juice cans/juices) from the store.

3 3: Identify the nouns in the subjective case in these sentences.

1. Jack and Jill went up the hill.

2. Her new dress looks beautiful.

3. The Prime Minister announced the names of his new cabinet members.

4. The naughty boys played a prank on their new friend.

5. Keyur Sharma is the captain of a large ship.

4 4: Identify the nouns in the objective case. Tick (✔) the correct options.

1. My mother gifted a bracelet on my birthday.

(a) a bracelet ▭

(b) on my birthday ▭

2. I bought a computer for my brother.

(a) a computer ▭

(b) my brother ▭

3. I arranged the books on the rack.

(a) the books ▭

(b) on the rack ▭

4. The hunter killed the tiger.

(a) killed ▭

(b) the tiger ▭

5 5: Identify the nouns in the dative case.

1. Have you purchased a mobile phone for your mother?

2. He gave Jiya a gift.

3. When will you give Hems your books?

4. Aastha sang a song for Ram.

5. Vani returned the groom his shoes after an hour.

6 6: Use apostrophe to change the following to possessive form.

1. I love the poems written by Mirabaai.

2. The new book written by Ravinder Singh has become very popular.

3. Ved went to get medicine from the doctor of the colony.

4. Please give me the CD of the songs sung by Rafi.

5. The house owned by my sister-in-law would be up for sale very soon.

7 7: Underline the personal pronouns in the given sentences and write 's' under subjective personal pronouns and 'o' under objective personal pronouns.

1. Where are the children? I saw them in the garden.

2. You can easily drop me home.

3. They treated us warmly.

4. I am studying in class nine.

8 8: Possessive adjectives have been changed to possessive pronouns. Tick (✔) the correctly changed options.

1. These are her dolls.

(a) These doll's are her. ▭

(b) These dolls are hers. ▭

2. These are my colour.

(a) These colour's are mine. ▭

(b) These colour are mine. ▭

3. This is his idea.

(a) This idea is his. ▭

(b) This idea is him. ▭

4. That is my bike.

(a) That bike is mine. ▭

(b) That's my bike. ▭

5. This is not our dog.

(a) This dog is not ours. ▭

(b) This dog's not our. ▭

9 9: Correct the following sentences and rewrite them.

1. This is not mine pencil.

2. We did the work themselves.

3. I cannot find myself pencil.

4. I saw the boy what was wearing a funny dress.

5. With who are you going to see the movie?

1 1: Identify the adjectives and mention their kinds.

1. Smith was a popular dancer.

2. Three passengers got down from the bus.

3. Give the beggar some food.

4. This room has been decorated by my mother.

5. What question did the interviewer ask?

6. His grandparents are of Indian origin.

7. These walls need white washing.

8. His family invited me to the party.

2 2: Identify the adjectives of quality and underline when they occupy attributive position and circle them when they occupy predicative position.

1. The window frame was yellow.

2. The beautiful princess damaged her shoes while playing.

3. The blind man managed to cross the street.

4. After the exhaustive journey Aadhya reached home.

5. Tini's thin frame became weak due to illness.

6. An old man and his wife are our new neighbours.

7. Akbar was a just king.

8. The performance of our team was brilliant.

3 3: Make new adjectives by adding suffixes to the words given below, you may add '-ful', '-ish', '-y' and '-able'.

1. care

2. boy

3. silk

4. commend

4 4: Tick (✔) the correct options to complete these sentences. (Hint: Use adjectives in comparative form.)

1. Gita selected a ___________ pair of shoes because she did not have enough pocket money.

(a) cheap ▭

(b) cheaper ▭

(c) more cheap ▭

2. The jug on the table is _________ than the one in the cupboard which cannot hold much water.

(a) big ▭

(b) bigger ▭

(c) biggest ▭

3. He has not acted in a play earlier. They wanted someone _________ than him.

(a) experienced ▭

(b) experience ▭

(c) more experienced ▭

4. She could have bought the __________ pair of socks which would look good with her dress.

(a) more long ▭

(b) longer ▭

(c) long ▭

5. The words of the speaker were __________ after the mic was adjusted.

(a) clearer ▭

(b) more clear ▭

clearest ▭

5 5: Read the following example and frame sentences with comparatives.

1. The yellow bus has five passengers. The red bus has eight passengers. (few) The yellow bus has fewer passengers than the red bus.

2. The kiwis are ripe. The mangoes are not very ripe. (ripe)

3. The pink dress costs ₹200. The black dress costs ₹300. (cheap)

4. Tanya's house is near the park. Vani's house is not near the park. (near)

5. Bheem crossed the river in ten minutes. Raju crossed the river in twenty minutes. (long)

6. The weather was bad yesterday. The weather is very bad today. (bad)

7. My grades were good in last semester. My grades are very good in this semester. (good)

8. The Rock Band is popular. The other bands are not popular. (popular)

6 6: Fill in the blanks with 'later' and 'latter'.

1. Among the two plans, I would prefer the former to the__________.

2. We have postponed the meeting to a __________date.

3. Of the two solutions, the __________ appears convincing.

4. I reached school __________than usual.

5. The match will start __________than I expected.

7 7: Fill in the blanks with 'latest' and 'last'.

1. I was the __________ person to leave the library yesterday.

2. We are eager to know the __________ development in India.

3. __________ year we met her at the exhibition.

4. The __________ issue of the magazine is not available.

5. I love to follow the __________ trends in fashion.

8 8: Fill in the blanks with 'elder' or 'older'.

1. My brother is not __________ than me.

2. She is __________to her brother.

3. Mane is __________her sister.

4. She is __________ than Mane.

9 9: Fill in the blanks with 'eldest' or 'oldest'.

1. She is the __________ employee of the organisation.

2. He is the __________ son of Mr Ambani.

3. My __________ brother is in the army.

4. She is the __________ citizen in our residential block.

10 10: Fill in the blanks with 'farther' or 'further'.

1. The park is __________ from the school than the stadium.

2. He avoided __________ remarks in order to avoid controversy.

3. Without any __________ explanation the committee dismissed him from his duty.

4. I am too tired and cannot walk any __________ .

5. No __________ orders were sent from the headquarters to the troops.

11 11: Fill in the blanks with 'nearest' or 'next'.

1. Tia's house is __________ to the post office.

2. The __________ train will arrive at six in the evening.

3. The grocery shop is __________to my house.

4. The __________market from this place is the local vegetable market.

5. I go to the __________ fruit market to buy fruits.

12 12: Read the sentences. Then, tick (✔) the sentences rewritten correctly using 'as ... as'.

1.Tower One and Tower Two are tall.

(a) As Tower One is tall as Tower Two is tall. ▭

(b) Tower One is as tall as Tower Two. ▭

2. Potatoes and Tomatoes are costly.

(a) As Potatoes are costly as Tomatoes. ▭

(b) Potatoes are as costly as Tomatoes. ▭

3. James and Roy are good in Maths.

(a) James is as good in Maths as Roy. ▭

(b) James and Roy are as good as anyone else in Maths. ▭

4. Litchis and Kiwi are sweet.

(a) Litchis are as sweet as Kiwi. ▭

(b) As Litchis and Kiwi are as sweet. ▭

5. Jitu and Bima are short.

(a) Jitu is as short as Bima. ▭

(b) Jitu and Bima are as short as they can be. ▭

13 13: Rewrite the sentences using 'not as.........as' and then 'less'.

1. The litchi is sweeter than the mango.

2. Iron is more useful than copper.

3. Platinum is costlier than gold.

4. Silk is softer than cotton.

5. My uncle is taller than my father.

14 14: Rewrite the sentences using 'least' without changing the meaning.

1. Painite is one of the rarest minerals.

2. He occupied the most comfortable position to watch the match.

3. This is the most useless of all my suitcases.

4. To me the Indian gooseberry is the sourest of all fruits.

15 15: Change the following from superlative to comparative degree without changing the meaning.

1. Asia is the largest continent in the world.

2. Mount Everest is the highest mountain in the world.

3. He is the tallest of all the students in his class.

4. Dr Makhija is the most experienced of all the doctors in the hospital.

5. Mukesh Ambani is the richest businessman in India.

16 16: Change the following from comparative to positive without changing the meaning. (Use 'not as .........as' or 'as......... as')

1. Gold is more expensive than any other metal.

2. The pen is mightier than the sword.

3. Shakespeare is greater than any other English playwright.

4. Manan is better than Giza in English.

17 17: Rewrite the following sentences using the superlative degree of comparison.

1. Michael Jackson was more popular than any other singer in the world.

2. Dev is stronger than any other boy in his locality.

3. Raina is a better batsman than any of his team members.

4. Prisha is more hard-working than any other student in class.

5. She is more intelligent than any other girl in school.

1 1: Tick (✔) the options with the most appropriate use of a/an.

1. (a) Please give me an cup of coffee. ▭

(b) Please give me a cup of coffee. ▭

2. (a) I just had a sandwich. ▭

(b) I just had an sandwich. ▭

3. (a) A apple an day keeps the doctor away. ▭

(b) An apple a day keeps the doctor away. ▭

4. (a) He is a doctor by profession. ▭

(b) He is an doctor by profession. ▭

5. (a) He is a MP from Barrackpore. ▭

(b) He is an MP from Barrackpore. ▭

6. (a) What an mess you have created! ▭

(b) What a mess you have created! ▭

7. (a) I did a lot of work today. ▭

(b) I did lot of a work today. ▭

8. (a) Harsh considered himself an intelligent boy. ▭

(b) Harsh considered himself a intelligent boy. ▭

2 2: Tick (✔) the appropriate articles in the brackets to complete the sentences.

1. I want to be (a, an, the) doctor.

2. This is (a, an, the) pen I bought yesterday.

3. I met Amish (a, an, the) other day and he showed me his new pen.

4. The eggs cost 50 (a, an, the) dozen.

5. Harsha was (a, an, the) just king.

6. We will be going to (a, an, the) Himalayas this vacation.

7. (A, An, The) Earth is (a, an, the) only planet where human beings live.

8. He found (a, an, the) umbrella on the road.

9. She is (a, an, the) liar, there is not (a, an, the) ounce of truth in her words.

10. They appear to be in (a, an, the) hurry.

3 3: Fill in the blanks with this, that, these or those.

____________bouquet is lovely as ____________ flowers are fresh. I was not in favour of selecting ____________ roses at the next shop because ____________ shopkeeper does not bring fresh flowers every day. I am sure my mother will be happy to get ____________ bouquet because she loves flowers.

4 4: Fill in the blanks with possessives.

______________ school bus was late so we waited under a tree. We kept ____________ bags under a tree and we played in ____________ shade. Some monkeys were sitting on the trees with ____________ tails hanging above our heads. The monkey slapped ____________ cheek and took away a few of ____________ bags. One of the boys pulled a monkey's tail. We were frightened and the naughty boy shouted for help at the top of ____________voice.

5 5: Fill in the blanks with either, neither, each and every.

1. You may buy ____________ pencil.

2. ____________ of the boys from the hostel came for the magic show.

3. ____________ seat was occupied.

4. ____________ member of the team was given a prize.

5. Hoardings have been put up on ____________ side of the road.

6. ____________ of the glasses is clean and you will have to wash them.

7. Both the singers are good, ____________ of them will finally win.

6 6: Tick (✔) the most suitable determiners to fill in the blanks.

1. I have ____________ savings to build a house.

(a) some

(b) any

(c) more

2. There are ____________ buses that ply on that route.

(a) much

(b) many

(c) any

3. Since she is an introvert she has ____________ friends.

(a) a few

(b) few

(c) the few

4. ____________ project was much appreciated.

(a) That

(b) A little

(c) Some

5. Our boss is going on a holiday for ____________ days.

(a) a little

(b) the few

(c) few

6. Please pass me ____________ sugar.

(a) many

(b) any

(c) some

7. ____________ room faces the cast.

(a) Any

(b) The few

(c) His

8. From ____________of the windows you can see the sun rising.

(a) any

(b) more

(c) a little

9. The girl who came here was the winner in ____________ races.

(a) much

(b) more

(c) many

10. ____________ visitor parked his car properly.

(a) Many

(b) The

(c) Either

7 7: Fill in the blanks with suitable determiners from the box.

( the a little that Those Which Every its his)

1. ____________ books lying on the table are not required.

2. The bird is sleeping in ____________ nest peacefully.

3. ____________ decision would be taken by the board of directors from this month onwards.

4. It was ____________ day before yesterday when Jane called me.

5. The coffee is too strong. Please add ____________ milk to it.

6. It was so beautiful that I could have stayed in ____________ place forever.

7. ____________ pencil is yours?

8. He told ____________ friend about the incident.

8 8: Determiners are missing in the following sentences. Use interrogatives given in brackets to complete them.

1. ____________ sugar is left in the jar? (What, How many, How much)

2. ____________ milk is to be added to the pancake mixture? (What, How much, How many)

3. ____________ pickle is really hot? (Which, What, How much)

4. ____________ car is parked at the gate? (What, Whose, How much)

5. ____________ gifts have been bought? (How many, Whose, Which)

6. ____________ pencil box is lost? (What, Whose, How many)

7. ____________ milk is required for the curd? (How much, Which, What)

8. ____________ bag is not packed? (How much, When, Which)

9. ____________ dog is not vaccinated? (How much, Which, What)

10. ____________ are your plans for the day? (What, When, Which)

1 1: Read the following sentences and state whether the verbs are transitive or intransitive after you underline the verbs.

1. I borrowed the book from Tina.

2. She was waiting for so long.

3. She was sketching a portrait.

4. We were in the hostel together.

5. They are organising an excursion trip.

6. The worm bit the leaf on the tree.

7. My car broke down this morning.

8. Robinson Crusoe rowed the boat.

9. The train stopped abruptly.

10. He locked the cupboard.

2 2: Read the following sentences and circle the intransitive verbs only. Underline the subject complement.

1. The security guard was snoring loudly.

2. The flight arrived late.

3. He visited the place where the freedom fighter lived.

4. My father is a scientist.

5. Ruskin Bond is an author with great imagination.

6. She is jogging around the park.

7. The train arrived just on time.

8. William Shakespeare was a renowned playwright.

9. The washerman washes clothes regularly.

10. The chef prepared a new dish and served it to the guests.

3 3: Underline the linking verbs here.

1. The sky appeared cloudy.

2. Plants grow well in bright sunshine.

3. Muffins taste delicious.

4. His words sounded incoherent.

5. Pumpkin plants grow fast.

4 4: Read the following sentences and choose the correct infinitives from the options.

1. I was asked to sing a song.

(a) I

(b) to sing

(c) song

(d) asked

2. They loved to play outside in the garden.

(a) to play

(b) garden

(c) outside

(d) They

3. I am helping my mother to clean the kitchen.

(a) helping

(b) the kitchen

(c) to clean

(d) my mother

4. She used to study in a nearby school earlier.

(a) She

(b) to study

(c) nearby

(d) used

5. I did not want the abandoned puppy to starve.

(a) abandoned

(b) want

(c) puppy

(d) to starve

6. He was told to report for duty on Monday.

(a) told

(b) to report

(c) Monday

(d) on duty

5 5: Fill in the blanks with appropriate infinitive forms. Use the words given in the box.

( listen buy rule entertain)

1. Shahjahan was very small when he began ___________ the kingdom.

2. The dancer tried ___________ the audience.

3. Mother promised ___________ new mobile on my birthday.

4. The teacher refused ___________ to any of the excuses he made.

6 6: Rewrite these sentences using the verbs given in brackets.

1. Mother is worried about Reena's health. (seem)

2. Rohan is a good footballer. (claim)

3. Vineeta has lost her interest in sports. (seem)

4. He has an appointment with the doctor. (claim)

7 7: Complete the sentences with infinitives and other words using words given in brackets without altering their meaning.

1. Mother said I should not be careless. (advised)

2. I think you should consult a dentist. (want)

3. The coach said that the team could practise till late. (allowed)

4. Father said that I could use his mobile. (allowed)

8 8: Now, read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with infinitive form of verbs. You can use 'to' wherever necessary.

1. You should ___________ (ask) for permission before you leave.

2. My classmate refused ___________ (accept) my gift.

3. They seem ___________ (know) the singer well.

4. The doctor agreed ___________ (treat) the patient at once.

5. Can I ___________ (use) your laptop?

6. Where will your friends like ___________ (have) lunch?

1 1: Read the following sentences and underline the verbs. State whether each is a finite verb or a gerund.

1. Mother is serving noodles.

2. Hunting is banned by the government.

3. He is rowing a boat.

4. Rowing is a good exercise.

5. He was cycling up a slope.

6. Flying is an expensive hobby to pursue.

7. He is singing a devotional song.

8. The salesman is selling a holiday package

2 2: Fill in the blanks with appropriate gerunds from the box.

(parachuting skiing dancing solving diving rock-climbing shopping driving)

1. ____________ requires prior training.

2. ____________ is his favourite sport.

3. ____________ a puzzle is time-consuming.

4. My parents praise her talent of ____________ .

5. ____________ should be supervised by an expert.

6. Children have planned to go for ____________ in the mountains.

7. ____________ always de-stresses me.

8. For untrained people, ____________ is dangerous.

3 3: Fill in the blanks with a suitable -ing form of the verbs given in the box. You will note that the -ing verbs are preceded by prepositions.

(disturb speak shift give)

1. She was praised for ____________ an amazing dance performance.

2. He was reprimanded for ____________ his teacher in the laboratory.

3. He should apologise to his aunt for ____________ so rudely.

4. I often think of ____________ to a hill station.

4 4: Choose the appropriate form of participles to fill in the blanks.

1. When she saw a snake, the __________ girl let out a shriek.

(a) alarmed

(b) alarming

(c) alarm

(d) unalarm

2. She kept the __________ sheet in the file.

(a) laminating

(b) laminates

(c) laminated

(d) was laminated

3. The ___________ team was awarded by the Principal.

(a) win

(b) winning

(c) won

(d) winner

4. I saw the __________ waves during sunset and they appeared furious.

(a) lashed

(b) lash

(c) lashing

(d) lashes

5. I was glad to hear the __________ birds' song.

(a) chirping

(b) chirps

(c) chirped

(d) chirp

5 5: Combine the following sentences by using participles.

1. She finished her work on time. She did not ask for her friend's help.

2. He is a trained gymnast. He won a gold medal.

3. We had spent our pocket money on toys. We did not buy storybooks.

4. He felt happy. He threw a party.

5. She watched the movie. She went to bed.

6 6: Rewrite these sentences so that they convey the correct meanings.

1. Travelling by train, my driving license was lost. (Begin with. While......)

2. Drinking hot coffee, my tongue got burnt. (Start with. While........)

3. Being ignorant, her friend helped her to fill the form. (Begin the answer with Since....)

4. Going to the market, my bag was stolen. (Start with. While.....)

7 7: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of verbs given in brackets.

1. Do you enjoy __________ plays? (watch)

2. __________ gymnastics is not easy. (learn)

3. __________ is not allowed here. (park)

4. She must __________ her car in the allocated area. (park)

5. She __________ well on the lesson. (concentrate)

6. __________ on lessons is easy for her. (concentrate)

8 8: Read the following sentences and choose the appropriate options to fill in the blanks as per the instructions given in brackets.

1. The __________ stream had crystal clear water. (gurgle as present participle)

(a) gurgling

(b) gurgles

(c) to gurgle

(d) gurgled

2. They decided __________ before it was too late. (leave as infinitive)

(a) to left

(b) leaving

(c) left

(d) to leave

3. The __________ soldiers were carried away from the battlefield. (wound as past participle)

(a) wound

(b) wounds

(c) wounded

(d) to wound

4. Mansi planned __________ for a picnic with her friends. (go as infinitive)

(a) going

(b) to go

(c) gone

(d) goes

5. __________cartoons is enjoyed by all the children of the class. (watch as gerund)

(a) To watch

(b) Watching

(c) Watched

(d) Watches

1 1: Identify the main clauses, subordinate clauses and co-ordinate clauses wherever they occur. The first one has been done for you.

1. You can't come in while we are having our lunch.

2. The car had a puncture so I reached office late.

3. Use the paint brush carefully as I showed you yesterday.

4. Simon had a nice basket full of toys.

5. Anjum bought the pencils and I bought the pens.

6. I wanted to watch a movie but my brother was keen to watch a play.

2 2: Underline the noun clauses in the following sentences.

1. How the puppies got lost is a mystery.

2. Finding that he was not at home, I went to the nearby park in search of him.

3. He wants to know why he has been dismissed.

4. She says that she has forgotten the keys at home.

5. I promise that your dues will be cleared.

3 3: State whether the words in bold form a noun clause or a noun phrase.

1. He told me of his selection as the new captain of the team.

2. I wanted a clear answer.

3. She knew that he was unwell.

4. He told me that he was the new captain of the team.

5. She knew of his sickness.

4 4: Identify the adjective clause in the following sentences and tick (✔) the correct options. The first one has been done for you.

1. My mother wore the saree which I gave her.

(a) wore ▭

(b) which ▭

(c) which I gave her ▭

(d) My mother ▭

2. We sent a letter to our friend who stays abroad.

(a) our friend ▭

(b) a letter ▭

(c) who stays abroad ▭

(d) We sent ▭

3. We went to the hall which had a big stage.

(a) a big stage ▭

(b) which had a big stage ▭

(c) went ▭

(d) the hall ▭

4. The girl who is wearing a red ribbon is my sister.

(a) The girl ▭

(b) is my sister ▭

(c) a red ribbon ▭

(d) who is wearing a red ribbon ▭

5. He was the prince who married Cinderella.

(a) who married Cinderella ▭

(b) He ▭

(c) the prince ▭

(d) was the prince ▭

5 5: State whether the words printed in bold are adjective clauses or phrases.

1. She is the girl who came first in class. __________________

2. The book that is lying on the table is a gift from my uncle._________________

3. She is a woman with a generous heart. ___________________

4. We went to the showroom where the annual sale was being held. ___________________

5. We met Raina who scored a century in the match. __________________

6. She likes goods made in India. __________________

6 6: Underline the adverbial clauses in the given sentences.

1. When the cold wind started blowing, we came inside the house.

2. He did the homework as he was told by the teacher.

3. She behaved as if she was a celebrity.

4. He came late because he missed the bus.

5. I wake up before my alarm clock rings.

6. It is darker now than it was in the morning.

7 7: Tick (✔) the appropriate relative pronouns or adverbs to fill in the blanks.

1. She went to a restaurant ___________ they serve only Italian food.

(a) where

(b) whose

2. I liked the garden ___________ my father told me to wait.

(a) who

(b) where

3. I met a lady ___________ house is next to the park.

(a) whom

(b) whose

4. The writer ___________ the people honoured is very famous.

(a) whose

(b) whom

5. The old man ___________ wallet was lost was worried.

(a) whose

(b) who

8 8: Combine these sentences together by converting one of them into a relative clause.

1. He bought a new house. It is near a big park.

2. She went to the new park. It has a musical fountain.

3. Some students have come to meet the Principal. They are waiting outside.

4. Mother gifted me a purse this birthday. I have lost it.

1 1: Fill in the blanks with correct form of the verbs given in brackets.

1. She _________ delicious pastas. (make)

2. Why _________ they left? (has)

3. A group of trekkers _________ going up the hill. (be)

4. _________ (be) you_________ (go) out today?

5. You _________ supposed to reach the station by now. (be)

6. Nazam and Prince _________ good friends. (be)

7. I _________ planning to go trekking in the mountains. (be)

8. She _________ to play the guitar from Mrs Gupta. (learn)

2 2: Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with appropriate form of verbs given in brackets.

1. The theme of all the stories ____________ (be) similar.

2. Here ____________ (be) a bouquet of flowers you ordered for.

3. The notorious thieves ____________ (have) stolen the statue.

4. Here ____________ (be) the blank sheets you asked for.

5. There ____________ (be) a team of cricketers waiting in the stadium.

6. The aroma of the cookies ____________ (be) tempting.

3 3: Fill in the blanks with appropriate form of verbs given in the brackets.

1. My friends______________ (be) going out for dinner.

2. These books______________ (belong) to my cousin.

3. A list of grocery items______________ (be) ready.

4. A musical troupe ______ (be) performing at the concert yesterday.

5. Mathematics ______________ (appear) easy to me.

6. One of the employees ______________ (be) on leave today.

4 4: Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with appropriate verbs.

1. Everyone _______ (be) expecting a good monsoon this year.

2. Nobody _______ (be) scared of darkness in my family.

3. The news _______ (be) flashing across the television screen.

4. A pair of sparrows_______ (be) sitting on the fence.

5. The United States of America _______ (be) finalising the nuclear deal with India.

6. Either the boys or the girls _______ presenting a play. (be)

7. Neither the flowers nor the palm leaves _______ fresh. (be)

5 5: Fill in the blanks with appropriate form of verbs given in brackets.

1. Tahir as well as his brothers_______ (be) going on an adventure trip.

2. Pinku along with her parents_______ (be) watching television.

3. My friends as well as my neighbour _______ (be) going to visit the nearby market.

4. Mrs Tiwari with her family _______ (be) shifting to Hyderabad soon.

1 1: Complete these sentences using can or (be) able to.

1. We will _________ come back in an hour.

2. He _________ cut wood easily if he has a sharp axe.

3. Sanu will _________ row a boat easily if he is not disturbed.

4. I _________ to visit your house today.

5. Trekking _________ be very dangerous if one does not know its technique.

6. My friend _________ help me if she wants to.

2 2: Tick (√) the appropriate modals. Consider the speaker and the person being addressed while choosing the modals.

1. Priyank said to his boss: (Can, Could, May) I leave early today?

2. James said to his teacher: (Can, Could, May) I take it from the cupboard?

3. Aditi said to his brother: (Can, Could, May) I wear your jacket today as mine is dirty?

4. The old man said to the stranger: (Can, Could, May) you show me the way to the post office?

5. Vishal said to her brother: (Can, Could, May) I borrow your roller skates today?

6. The class monitor to the teacher: I have collected all the answer sheets. (Can, Could, May) I keep them in your drawer?

7. Reema said to her mother: (Can, Could, May) you make hot chocolate for me, please?

8. Aunt said to Gita: (Can, Could, May) you bring a glass of mango juice for me?

3 3: Here is a conversation between a teacher and two students. Use may, can or could to fill in the blanks.

Teacher: Sit quietly and take out your notebooks. Sam: Ma'am _________ I drink water? Teacher: Yes, you_________ .You all ______ go and play in the ground after you complete the exercise. Sam: Ma'am you _________ allow us to carry our water bottles to the ground? Teacher: You all ________ do so.

4 4: Fill in the blanks with could, couldn't or was able to.

1. She __________ prepare delicious pizza because she had joined cookery classes.

2. He __________ win a gold medal because he had practised weight lifting with dedication.

3. He did not have her mobile number. So, he __________ contact her.

4. She is knowledgeable. So, she __________ discuss the details of important historic events.

5. Although the shop was crowded she __________ reach the counter within minutes.

5 5: Fill in the blanks with may, might or could.

1. One day man ______________ live on Mars.

2. The prince ______________ be in trouble because his bodyguards are not to be seen.

3. The flight ______________ not take off because of bad weather.

4. The tiger ______________ become extinct in a few years' time.

5. If it does not rain, she ______________ come here.

6 6: Fill in the blanks with could or could have + a suitable verb.

1. The children were so eager to meet their favourite footballer that they _________ him from all sides. (surround)

2. The driver was in great hurry, he ______ the red light. (skip)

3. She _________ late for the flight if she had not rushed. (be)

4. He did not sing at the concert, he _________ the audience easily with his melodious voice. (impress)

7 7: Read the given questions. Answer them with the help of clues provided.

1. Do you know why the flight was cancelled? may/might/runway damaged

2. Do you know where my laptop is? may/might be/cupboard

3. Nikita's friend has come to meet her. Where is she? may/might/watching TV in the other room

4. There is a message for Aarti. Do you know where she is? may/might be/conference room

8 8: Complete these with must or have to/had to. Sometimes, it is possible to use either must or have to

1. My neighbour __________ break open the door as he lost his keys.

2. The policemen ___________ use water canon when the crowd became unruly.

3. We cannot travel as she is sick. We will _____________ postpone the trip.

4. She ____________ carry her passport as she is going abroad.

5. You _____________ taste the cake. It is freshly baked.

9 9: Make sentences with the group of words given below. Use should, must, have to or ought to with each sentence.

1. visit a doctor

2. inform the class teacher about any change of address

3. go for walk regularly

4. charge your mobile phone

5. lock the door proper

10 10: Fill in the blanks with mustn't or ought not to.

1. You _________ treat animals cruelly.

2. He __________ hunt down or shoot animals because he will be punished by law.

3. She ________ hide important facts from her parents.

4. You _________ switch on the AC or have chilled drinks when you have fever.

5. You _________ speak rudely with your teacher.

11 11: Tick (✔) the correct options to fill in the blanks.

1. __________ all your wishes be fulfilled!

(a) Need

(b) May

c) Have to

2. _________ you go near the injured snake? No, I_______.

(a) May, may not

(b) Must, mustn't

(c) Dare, daren't

3. __________ you have a very successful career!

(a) May

(b) Dare

(c) Must

4. I ________ go near the crocodile as it is dangerous.

(a) can't

(b) may

(c) daren't

5. Dear son, _______ you have a bright future!

(a) may

(b) can

(c) should

6. The students _______ respect their teacher.

(a) should

(b) ought to

(c) must

7. Ruchira is ill today. She _______not come to school.

(a) can

(b) may

(c) dare

1 1: Match the words in column A with group of words in column B and read the proverbs aloud.

2 2: Fill in the blanks with do not/does not/do/does and complete the sentences.

1. ________ she like to read horror stories?

2. They ___________ want to lose the match.

3. Mina ________ like to be friendly with naughty children.

4. Mother _________ scold me when I am careless and irresponsible.

5. __________ they plan to burst crackers during Diwali?

3 3: Fill in the blanks with appropriate form of verbs in the simple present or present continuous tense.

1. __________ (bake) cakes takes time but I ________ (make) them every Sunday.

2. These days, I _______ (wake) up early because I enjoy ________ (go) for a morning walk.

3. Stars______ (twinkle) at night and I love ___________ (watch) them on a clear night.

4. It __________ (be) the sports day today and students ________ (participate) with great enthusiasm.

5. Children should _______ (respect) elders and avoid _________________ (show) disrespect to them.

4 4: Fill in the blanks with verbs in the present perfect tense.

1. I ____________ (read) the novel which father bought last week.

2. The teacher __________ (distribute) the question papers.

3. Aditi __________ (join) Maths coaching classes.

4. Mother__________ (cook) delicious food for lunch.

5 5: Fill in the blanks with just, yet or already.

1. Neha has __________ called up her uncle and wished him on his birthday.

2. The children are playing, they are _________ to go to bed.

3. We have ______ finished our dinner and can't eat fruits now.

4. He has ________ polished his shoes for tomorrow morning.

6 6: Fill in the blanks with present perfect continuous tense form of verbs given in brackets.

1. They ____________ (recite) a poem for fifteen minutes and are about to finish.

2. _______________ she ___________ (shout) at her sister for nothing?

3. _____________they _______________ (play) in the su3. _____________they _______________ (play) in the sun for long? for long?

4. ______________ she ______________ (sleep) for too long?

5. She ___________ (not swim) because of skin allergy.

6. I __________ (watch) TV for an hour.

7. We __________ (wait) for the train for over an hour.

8. You ______________ (not eat) fruits for a week and it is not good.

7 7: Fill in the blanks with for or since.

1. We will be at the stadium __________ five hours.

2. Kashmir is covered with a blanket of snow because it has been snowing __________ last night.

3. We have not slept __________ yesterday.

4. The baby has been sleeping _________ four hours.

8 8: Read the following sentences and state the tense forms of the underlined verbs.

1. Geeta has woken up and I spoke to her on the phone. _______________

2. Sita Mehta is directing a new video. _______________

3. The police have been guarding this house since the owner approached them for protection. _______________

4. She has been travelling a lot these days. _______________

5. My mother loves butter. _______________

6.The children have been playing since they returned from school. _______________

7. Stephen Hawking has won great acclaim from the fraternity of scientists. _______________

8. We have known each other for many years. _______________

1 1: Fill in the blanks with the simple past tense form of verbs given in brackets.

1. The security guard ____________ (alert) the residents when he saw a man jump over the wall.

2. I _____________ (not leave) for the station at 10 o'clock last night.

3. You probably___________ (fall) ill due to food poisoning.

4. Alisha _____________ (eat) some rice and vegetable curry for dinner.

2 2: Fill in the blanks with verbs in the past continuous tense.

1. Mr Mehta ___________ (watch) television when somebody rang the bell.

2. You ___________ (walk) down the road when I met you.

3. He ___________ (solve) numericals when the bell rang for lunch break.

4. ___________ you ___________ (drink) coffee when your neighbour came to see you?

3 3: Fill in the the blanks with verbs in the past perfect tense.

1. I ________ (speak) to my father about the excursion trip.

2. The explorers ____________(discover) a new island years ago.

3. Jiya _______ (give) the report card to her mother yesterday.

4. Vijay ______ (blow) the balloon big before it suddenly burst.

4 4: Rewrite the following sentences in the past perfect continuous tense. You may use the phrases for a month for two hours/for three days with them. The first one has been done for you.

1. The army was parading the streets.

2. The police are investigating the murder case.

3. The old lady was coughing.

4. He was writing a novel.

1 1: Fill in the blanks with will or going to form.

1. It has been cloudy since morning and it seems that it ___________rain today.

2. The fisherman _______row the boat cautiously as the river seems to be rising.

3. Bina has fractured her leg. She _________ take rest at home from today onwards.

4. It is time to close the shop. The shopkeeper _____________ pull down the shutter any moment.

2 2: Choose the correct words from brackets and fill in the blanks with will + verbs to make meaningful sentences.

1. The pen nib is broken. She __________ a new one. (buy, throw)

2. Sona is tired. She _________for an hour. (sleep, awake)

3. Nina ______________ to play the drum from her music teacher. (love, learn

4. He is very excited about the match. He _________ to go to the stadium. (want, like)

3 3: Fill in the blanks with verbs in the simple present tense to show the schedule of your best friend who is visiting India after five years. Pick words from the box.

Jayant _________ Goa on Monday morning from New York. He _________ for Surat the next day and __________ some friends. He _________ a conference in the evening before he ____________ his schedule further.

4 4: Complete the following sentences by using verb forms in future perfect or future perfect continuous tense. You may use the words given in brackets.

1. The elephants ______________ (perform) in the circus for three hours by the time the show gets over.

2. I ______________ (finish) this story by the time sister returns from the market.

3. The annual sports meet ______________ (go) on for six hours by the time it gets dark.

4. He ______________ (cycle) for about an hour by the time the sun sets.

1 1: Read the following sentences and identify the voice in each of them.

1. I rang the bell.

2. Our house was renovated by an interior designer.

3. The house tax was paid by my father.

4. The Principal gave away the awards.

5. Sneha writes books.

6. Samar has won a scholarship.

2 2: Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice.

1. Aman was growing apples in the orchard.

2. Sam had borrowed some money.

3. A group of scientists is conducting a survey.

4. Sonam was playing cricket.

5. Samarth will paint a landscape.

6. The teacher uses that cubicle.

7. Tanya is selling fruits in the market.

8. Mukesh sketched the map.

3 3: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the simple present tense.

1. The students _________ (call) now for a magic show to be held in the hall.

2. The Republic Day _________ (celebrate) enthusiastically by all Indians.

3. Indian Premier League matches _________ (play) by many teams.

4. All the swimmers _________ (train) by experienced coaches here.

5. The earthquake victims _________ (provide) shelter and food by the government.

4 4: It is festival time and the family is preparing to celebrate Christmas in a big way. Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the simple present tense.

The floor is mopped (mop) and the carpet ___________ (clean). The Christmas tree ___________ (kept) in the middle and ___________ (decorate) by all the children. A big star ___________ (hang) at the ___________ entrance and cookies, cake, wafers ___________ (serve) to all. There is happiness and cheer in the air. Candles are also ___________ (light) and all ___________ (give) gifts.

5 5: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the simple past tense.

1. The pulses ___________ (soak) before they were put into the grinder.

2. The scholars ___________ (award) for their good work in the field of literature.

3. The huts ___________ (repair) after the flood water receded.

4. The show ___________ (postpone) for two days due to bad weather.

5. The letter ___________ (post) by my sister yesterday.

6 6: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the simple future tense.

1. Women and children ___________ (protect) first, in case there are floods.

2. The babies ___________ (give) a bath only if it is not too cold.

3. An interesting story ___________ (tell) to the children in the evening.

4. The names of winners ___________ (announce) after ten minutes.

7 7: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the present continuous tense.

1. Kites ___________ (make) for children for 15 August celebrations.

2. A new school ___________ (establish) to impart free education to children.

3. The boundary wall ___________ (paint) to give it a new look.

4. The new shampoo ___________ (promote) by a famous film star.

5. All the trains ___________ (divert) due to dense fog in some areas.

8 8: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the past continuous tense.

1. Seats ___________ (book) for the special magic show.

2. The clothes ___________ (wash) properly.

3. Flowers ___________ (pluck) to prepare garlands.

4. The cars ___________ (park) properly to avoid any problems.

5. Food packets ___________ (distribute) to flood victims by army jawanas.

9 9: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the present perfect tense.

1. The fan has been repaired (repair) by a mechanic.

2. The computer___________ (update) by a computer engineer.

3. The ground___________ (clear) of all the protesters who had gathered there.

4. This car ___________ (design) by an expert.

5. The books ___________ (arrange) on the shelf.

10 10: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the past perfect tense.

1. The sofa set ___________ much before the function. (dry clean)

2. The chef ___________ t2. The chef ___________ to prepare authentic Italian food. (instruct)o prepare authentic Italian food. (instruct)

3. The museum ___________ for the public by evening. (close)

4. The letter ___________ to the employees to be punctual. (issue)

11 11: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the future perfect tense.

1. The flag __________ before the cultural programme begins. (hoist)

2. The lawn __________ by this evening. (mow)

3. All unauthorised colonies __________ by the end of the month. (demolish)

4. The new suit __________ by the tailor by the end of this week. (stitch)

12 12: Change the following sentences to the passive voice.

1. She bought a cat named Lucy.

2. He covered the book.

3. They inspected the academy.

4. You are holding a picture.

5. I sang a song.

13 13: Rewrite the following sentences in the passive voice.

1. The information excited us.

2. They threw the ball at Rama.

3. The teacher is correcting our papers.

4. We have forwarded the letter to the head office.

5. They organise matches every month.

6. In the early age men hunted animals.

7. We know her weak points.

8. They gave us few sheets.

14 14: Change the following into the passive voice.

1. Can you write this in Arabic?

2. Did you bake this cake?

3. Which room did they decorate for the party?’

4. Who teaches you English?

5. Is Rajan hosting the event?

6. When did you complete this?

15 15: Change the following into the passive voice.

1. Call in the physician.

2. Kindly grant me a month's leave.

3. Do not ill-treat animals.

4. Please switch off your mobile phones.

5. Do not litter the garbage.

6. Do yoga exercises regularly.

16 16: Fill in the blanks with the passive form of verbs in the brackets.

1. The difficult problems __________ (solve) by him easily.

2. Let the patient __________ (disturb) as he needs rest.

3. Rules of the school__________ (strictly follow).

4. Parents _________ (look) after in old age.

17 17: Change the following sentences into passive voice.

1. Did Rakesh give you the bills?

2. Is anyone taking photographs of the event?

3. Shall we donate these clothes to orphans?

4. We conduct tours in this area.

5. Several students will attend the workshop.

6. Do not hit the poor boy.

7. Did you find the watch?

8. The librarian keeps all the books in the bookshelves.

9. She gave him the job.

1 1: Read the following sentences. State the kinds of the underlined adverbs.

1. Ajay readily agreed to do the work.

2. Lunch is almost ready.

3. She has been to London twice.

4. Vinneta is feeling better today.

5. I can hardly wait for the winter vacation.

6. The children will go to the airport tomorrow.

7. The market is nearby.

8. Samarth woke up early.

9. She swims better than me.

10. This is enough, you need not add more sugar.

11. We sometimes play volleyball.

12. The rain brought much respite from the sweltering heat.

2 2: Fill in the blanks with the comparatives of the adverbs given in brackets.

1. Mother told her to work ________________if she wanted to do well in her exams. (hard)

2. I should wake up ________________ and leave on time everyday. (early)

3. I asked her to speak________________ as she was not audible. (loud)

4. Since I hate driving, I will live ________________ to my work place. (close)

3 3: Replace the words in bold with suitable adverbs and tick (✔) the correct options.

1. She danced in a graceful manner.

(a) grace ▭

(b) gracefully ▭

(c) graceful ▭

2. Ramu left the village in a great hurry.

a) hurry ▭

(b) hurried ▭

(c) hurriedly ▭

3. Please reply to this letter without any delay.

(a) immediately ▭

(b) delaying ▭

(c) instant ▭

4. At present Mr Dev is our Maths teacher.

(a) Presently ▭

(b) Presented ▭

(c) Presenting ▭

5. Rahul spoke to the teacher with hesitation.

(a) hestitant ▭

(b) hesitated ▭

(c) hesitantly ▭

6. The sports teacher told the children again and again to wear sports shoes for the PT period.

(a) repeating ▭

(b) repeatedly ▭

(c) repeated ▭

7. The clothes have to be washed by hand.

(a) handed ▭

(b) handling ▭

(c) manually ▭

8. Martina did her work in a responsible way.

(a) responsibly ▭

(b) responsibility ▭

(c) responsive ▭

4 4: Place the adverbs given in brackets at appropriate positions.

1. She catches viral infection. (often)

2. She does not take fizzy drinks. (generally)

3. She can solve the problem. (only)

4. My mother goes for a walk in the morning. (usually)

5. The doctor is concerned about the patient's failing health. (really)

1 1: Underline the prepositions and name their objects in the following sentences.

1. The boy is sitting on a rocking chair.

2. The teacher signed the papers with a pen.

3. The mall is near the post office.

4. The girl is playing with a ball.

2 2: Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.

1. The car moved __________ the main gate.

2. The cottage is __________ two huts.

3. The car was parked __________ the letter box.

4. The ball rolled __________ the stairs.

5. The poster was pasted __________ the wall.

6. The bag was lying __________ other suitcases.

7. He lived __________ Surat __________ Gujarat since childhood.

8. The cat jumped __________ the window.

3 3: Fill in the blanks with appropriate prepositions.

1. We exchange gifts ________ Diwali.

2. The play was over ________ 1 o'clock.

3. I will finish reading the book ________ two hours.

4. The girl played here ________ 6 o'clock.

5. The clown danced ________4 o'clock ________ 5 o'clock.

6. Jiya was born ________ 10 October 2007.

7. The train will leave ________ 10 pm.

8. You will be called for discussion ________ five minutes.

4 4: Tick (✔) the correct options to fill in the blanks with appropriate group prepositions.

1. Rita chose a red dress ___________ the black one.

(a) instead of

(b) make use of

(c) as a result of

2. _____________ bad weather they had to cancel their trip but not due to any other reason.

(a) Instead of

(b) Owing to

(c) For the sake of

3. The teacher told me to __________________ waste material to make the model of a house.

(a) make use of

(b) addition to

(c) out of

4. The teacher excused her ______________ special consideration for her illness.

(a) as a result of

(b) on top of

(c) out of

5. He could not study further ________ financial constraints.

(a) out of

(b) because of

(c) owing to

6. The parcel was delivered at the wrong address ____________ a major mistake.

(a) as a result of

(b) in front of

(c) with regard to

1 1: Choose appropriate phrasal verbs to complete the sentences.

1. Mother told Aasha to ______ all her scattered clothes by afternoon.

(a) look into

(b) turn on

(c) carry on

(d) put away

2. Anne Frank ______ her thoughts and feelings in her personal diary.

(a) pull down

(b) put down

(c) look out

(d) put in

3. The manager ______ good ideas to improve the sale of the new product.

(a) put forward

(b) put off

(c) ask for

(d) keep back

4. Rajiv ____________ a claim for car insurance after a tree fell on his car.

(a) look up

(b) put in

(c) blew up

(d) make up for

5. His trip was _______ because the flight got cancelled.

(a) pulled through

(b) run out

(c) put off

(d) cut down

6. Sonam _______ some pocket money to buy a gift for her mother.

(a) put aside

(b) get along

(c) rule out

(d) put together

2 2: Fill in the blanks with separable phrasal verbs given below and complete the sentences.

(put off turn on turn off put together clean up )

1. _______________ the radio ___________ .

2. Father told me to _________ the lights _________ before I left the room.

3. The manager _________ the meeting ___________ till next week.

4. Mother told Fariha to ________ the kitchen __________.

5. The coach asked the players _______ to their efforts _________ and win the trophy.

1 1: Tick (✔) the suitable conjunctions in the brackets to complete the sentences.

1. Prachi was invited to the wedding (therefore, but, so) did not attend it.

2. Saran liked the trousers a lot (and, so, or) he decided to buy them.

3. Manan (as well as, therefore, so) Shyam was punished.

4. (Either, Neither, Therefore) you go out or I will.

5. Sona was very hungry (as well as, therefore, so) she gobbled up the food.

6. Is Mr Kapil at home (or, but, so) is he at work?

7. Mahesh went to the bookshop (and, or, but) bought pens.

8. I sat near the lake (therefore, but, and) admired its beauty.

9. Keep the door closed (so, and, or) the dog will run out.

10. It was very dark outside (but, so, and) she did not get scared.

2 2: Complete the following sentences by adding your own words.

1. She will not respond even if ___________

2. The artist was not appreciated even though ____________

3. The stadium was full of people though _________

4. He went up the hill although ________________

3 3: Fill in the blanks with that or if/whether.

1. He told her ________ Agra was an amazing place.

2. She asked _________ I was fine.

3. She said ________ she had prepared lunch for us.

4. He asked _________ I was going to reach early.

4 4: Join these sentences using the conjunctions mentioned in the brackets.

1. You must leave for school at once. You are getting late. (since)

2. The ground was wet. They did not play yesterday. (therefore)

3. The box was too heavy. He could not carry it up the stairs. (as a result)

4. The house looks as good as new. It was painted recently. (since)

5. Ronit was ill. He could not go for the meeting. (so)

6. He does not have many friends. He is a shy boy. (as)

7. The teacher did not pardon him. He did not apologise for troubling other children. (as)

8. The old man was upset. The children laughed when he fell on the road. (because)

5 5: Complete the following sentences with ideas of your own and introduce the conjunctions given in brackets.

1. I kept the food in the refrigerator ________(lest)

2. She carried her spectacles _____ to the library (in order that)

3. She took some medicine _____________ (so that)

4. She kept all the jewellery in the locker ___________ (lest)

5. She tied her shoelaces__________ (so that)

6 6: Join the following sentences by using conjunctions given in brackets.

1. We will reach on time. We should leave early. (provided)

2. He will play well. He should train under a good coach. (only if)

3. He decided to buy the car. It was very expensive. (even if)

4. You will be healthy and fit. Eat vegetables and fruits. (if)

5. His general knowledge will improve. He should read an encyclopedia. (if)

7 7: Join these sentences using conjunctions given in the brackets.

1. She kept the packet somewhere. She does not remember the place. (where)

2. He left the town long ago. We have no contact with him after that. (since)

3. The politician went to different places. People followed him. (wherever)

4. He woke up. The alarm rang. (when)

5. The door opened. He walked in. (as soon as)

6. The lightning struck. We had reached home. (before)

7. He will find a solution. Let him analyse the problem properly. (after)

1 1: Change following sentences into reported speech.

1. Tanya told Chaya, “The boys liked the story that was narrated yesterday.”

2. He said, “The children became frightened when they heard a loud shriek.”

3. The lawyer said to the judge, “Pari will tell the real story.”

4. Mansi said to her Geography teacher, “Sana found the map work very confusing.”

5. The chemist said to the customer, “Nitin always checks the expiry date of medicines that are sold.”

6. Granny said, “The pickle will be ready by next week.”

2 2: Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.

1. Sita met Nilam and said, “I liked the cakes that you sent.”

2. He said to his aunt, “The water filter was installed twenty days ago.”

3. Priyal said to Payal, “These novels are yours.”

4. Sarita said, “The information is being downloaded from the internet.”

5. The plumber said to the lady, “I will replace the tap next week.”

6. The President said, “Countrymen, the health insurance scheme will be effective from tomorrow.”

7. Sam said to the new watchman, “You have to give relevant papers for police verification.”

3 3: Read the following sentences and identify whether they are commands, requests or advices. Then, rewrite them in reported speech.

1. The electrician said to the lady, “Don't use the inverter because its wire is loose.” _____________

2. Rapunzel said to the evil witch Gothel, “Please let me go out of the tower and allow me to visit the city.” _____________

3. The lady said to the greengrocer, “Please give me a bunch of fresh coriander leaves.” _____________

4. Harry Potter said to his friend, “The Evil One will attack us when we are unaware.” _____________

5. The teacher said, “Children, don't get friendly with strangers.” _____________

6. The blind man said to a passer-by, “Please help me cross the street.” _____________

7. The class monitor said, “Boys, stand in a queue.” _____________

8. The lifeguard said to the swimmer, “Don't swim today as the sea is rough.” _____________

9. He said, “Let's eat Pasta.” _____________

10. He said, “Let us relax in the garden.” _____________

4 4: Based on the guidelines stated above, rewrite the following interrogative sentences into reported speech.

1. Pushpa said to Arjun, “Which shirt is new?”

2. The librarian said to Geeta, “You returned the book, didn't you?”

3. The teacher said, “Why were the Americans opposed strongly in Vietnam?”

4. My friend said, “Do you worry a lot over petty things?”

5. Swasti said to her friend, “You can drive in congested areas, can't you?”

6. Father said to Mayank, “Can we leave for the airport immediately?”

7. Mr Bijoy said to the receptionist, “When can I meet the Principal?”

8. Sarita said to Nilima, “Do you go to the gym every day?”

5 5: Rewrite the following sentences in reported speech.

1. Ronit said, “I think the movie will be interesting.”

2. Rutvi said, “Lot of happiness and cheer to the newly married couple.”

3. TV news: A cure for cancer has been invented.

4. The Prime Minister said, “Alas! The great leader Mahatma Gandhi is no more.”

5. Ramesh said, “Hurrah! I have scored the highest marks in class in the annual examination.”

6. The players said, “Bravo! We have scored more goals than the other team.”

1 1: Combine the following sentences into single sentences by using conjunctions - therefore, and, not only-but also, neither-nor, so, however, but or yet.

1. The man is wealthy. He is humble.

2. She had rehearsed well. She recited the poem well.

3. There was a surplus supply of potatoes. The price of potatoes shot up.

4. She was given a treat. She was given a gift.

5. She is a pious lady. She is God-fearing.

6. The car had a flat tyre. It stopped on the way.

7. Saniya broke the vase. Tanya broke the vase.

8. There was heavy snowfall. The flight left on time.

2 2: Read the following sentences and combine them using clauses as mentioned in the brackets.

1. She is the famous singer. She has won many awards. (adjective clause)

2. Samarth could solve the puzzle. He has a sharp mind. (adjective clause)

3. You will succeed soon. We know that. (noun clause)

4. Bholu is a hardworking peasant. The villagers know that. (noun clause)

5. Shayam lives in a cottage. It has thatched roof. (adjective clause)

6. He learnt to swim. He was not scared of water. (adverb clause)

3 3: Read the following sentences and use a participle or an infinitive to combine them as per the details mentioned in brackets.

1. He donates money. He wants to help the underprivileged. (infinitive)

2. The soldiers were defeated. They retreated. (participle)

3. He admitted to the crime. He surrendered. (participle)

4. She is too ill. She cannot attend the meeting. (infinitive)

5. He was excited. He jumped and shouted. (participle)

4 4: Read the following sentences and combine them as per details given in brackets.

1. Karan is my classmate. He is a actor. (a noun or a phrase in apposition)

2. Rama visited Greece. Greece is one of the ancient places with rich heritage. (a noun or a phrase in apposition)

3. The train arrived. The vendors ran to sell eatables. (nominative absolute phrase)

4. The lion was caught. The villagers felt safe. (nominative absolute phrase)

5 5: The following sentences have been combined by using an adverb. Tick (✔) the correct options. The first one has been done for you.

1. I met my friend in a shop. It was unexpected.

(a) I met my friend unexpectedly in a shop. ▭

(b) I unexpectedly met my friend in a shop. ▭

2. My friend got angry. This was sudden.

(a) My friend suddenly got angry. ▭

(b) My friend got angry sudden ▭

3. Mohan answered the question. He was quick.

(a) Rohan answered the quic kly question. ▭

(b) Rohan answered the question quickly. ▭

4. He fought against the enemy in the war. He was brave.

(a)He fought bravely against the enemy in the war. ▭

(b) He fought against the enemy in the war bravely. ▭

5. He will attend the meeting. That is certain.

(a) He will certainly attend the meeting. ▭

(b) He will attend the meeting certain. ▭

6 6: Read the following sentences and combine them into single sentences by using a preposition or an adverb.

1. She bought many dresses. She also bought many pairs of shoes. (use a preposition)

2. The train met with an accident. It was unfortunate. (use an adverb)

3. He broke the glasses. He was careless. (use an adverb)

4. The driver was fined. He ignored the red light. (use a preposition)

7 7: The following sentences have been combined by using an adverb. Tick (✔) the correct options. The first one has been done for you.

1. I met my friend in a shop. It was unexpected.

(a) I met my friend unexpectedly in a shop. ▭

(b) I unexpectedly met my friend in a shop. ▭

2. My friend got angry. This was sudden.

a) My friend suddenly got angry. ▭

(b) My friend got angry sudden ▭

3. Mohan answered the question. He was quick.

(a) Rohan answered the quickly question. ▭

(b) Rohan answered the question quickly. ▭

4. He fought against the enemy in the war. He was brave.

(a)He fought bravely against the enemy in the war. ▭

(b) He fought against the enemy in the war bravely. ▭

5. He will attend the meeting. That is certain.

(a) He will certainly attend the meeting. ▭

(b) He will attend the meeting certain. ▭

1 1. Punctuate the following passage carefully.

one night i recently decided to spend some free time building a happier and closer relationship with my fourteen year old daughter for several weeks she had been urging me to play chess with her so i suggested a game she eagerly accepted and we settled down to a most even and challenging match it was a school night however and at nine o clock my daughter asked if i could hurry my moves because she needed to get to bed she had to get up at six in the morning I told her come on you can go to bed a little later for once you shouldn't start games that you cant finish were having fun finally she pleaded please daddy please hurry your moves i replied chess is a serious game if you want to play it well you have to play it slowly

1 1: Circle the correct word to complete the sentence. Then write the word in the given space.

1. Last week I _____________ a horse along the track in the yard. (road rode)

2. My dog hurt his _____________ front from digging in the yard. (paws pause)

3. I _____________ all of my timed math tests and spelling tests. (past passed)

4. My father cut the _____________ Into halves for my tree house. (bored board)

5. We _____________ all of our soccer games this season. (won one)

2 2: Make sentences with the following words to clearly imply their meanings.

1. petrol, patrol ___________________________________________________

2. precede, proceed ___________________________________________________

3. desert, dessert ___________________________________________________

4. destination, destiny ___________________________________________________

5. purpose, propose ___________________________________________________

6. lone, loan. ___________________________________________________

3 3: Pick the Incorrect words and rewrite the sentences with the correct words.

1. The tailor could not altar the design of the dress.

2. The chief guest carried herself in a gracious manner.

3. The fishermen had caste a big net to catch the shark.

4. My mother did not use yoke while preparing vanilla cake.

5. Kishu is a populous cricketer of the team.

4 1: Choose the correct words from the brackets.

1. Her book has enjoyed (immence/immense) popularity.

2. I want her (assistence / assistance) in completing this project.

3. He is (eligible/eligable) for this post.

4. They have an (affordible/affordable) range of clothes in their shop.

5. The (essencial/essential) ingredients for making rice pudding are kept here.

6. He is a renowned (mathematician/mathematitian).

7. Food, clothing and shelter are our basic (nececities/necessities).

8. She looked (gorgeous/gorgious) in the red dress.

9. He has to undergo a (surgary/surgery) for severe infection in his left eye.

10. The (jewel/jewele) of the crown went missing.

5 2: Circle the correct spelling.

1 together together togathar

2. assistente asistant assistant

3. woolen woollen woolan

4. business buisness busines

5. accommodation accomodation accomodation

6. begger begar beggar

7. beautiful beautifull beautyful

8. ignorence ignorance ignoranc

9. robed robeed robbed

10. marvellous marvelos marvelus

1 1: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

For many, reading has many benefits that continues to enhance their lives. Their lives have remarkably improved in some of the following ways: mentally, spiritually and socially. Also, if you develop a habit of reading you will become more confident and self-assured in abilities to comprehend and understand all types of information. Let's further examine more benefits of reading. One of the other main benefits of reading is that it exercises your mind. Your mind begins to bend and flex mentally, it stays loose so that you can flow easily through the course of the day. Such regular routine ensures that the reading muscle stays in good shape as well as the mind. Just like physical exercise, there has to be a determination to make reading a part of your life. If you understand the many benefits of reading, you will have no trouble adopting a regular habit of reading. Reading has other benefits for the regular reader which is the ability to focus. When the mind is trained, it begins to pay attention more thoroughly. For example, when you are faced with some of life's difficult and challenging assignments, you will have the ability to stay calm and objectively look at the problem, circumstances or at the required task. If you continue to read, you

1. From the passage find antonyms for the following words.

(a) worsened- _______________

(b) unsure- _______________

(c) distracted- _______________

2. Match the synonyms correctly.

3. How does reading make our life better? Suggest three ways.

4. How does reading exercise your mind?

5. Fill in the blanks with appropriate words.

(a) When we develop the habit of reading, we become more _______________ and _______________ in abilities to understand all types of information.

(b) Just like _______________ _______________ there has to be a determination to make reading a _______________ of your _______________.

2 2: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Trees are like nature's superheroes. They give us fresh air to breathe, cool shade on hot days, and homes for animals. But these amazing trees are in trouble. People are cutting them down for things like buildings and paper, and the climate is changing, making it harder for trees to survive. We can be tree heroes too! Planting new trees, using less paper, and being careful about where we get our wood from are ways we can help. Trees also help fight climate change by taking in the bad stuff from the air. When we save trees, we help the environment, keep our planet healthy, and make sure we have a good future. So, let's be tree heroes and protect these amazing natural wonders!

1. From the passage find antonyms for the following words.

(a) villains - _______________

(b) easier - _______________

2. From the passage find synonyms for the following words.

(a) difficulty - _______________

(b) fit - _______________

3. What are some of the things that trees provide us with?

4. Why are trees in trouble, according to the passage?

5. How can we become tree heroes?

6. How do trees help fight climate change?

7. What is the main message of the passage about saving trees?

3 3: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Yoga is like a secret recipe for a happy and healthy life. It's not just about stretching and bending; it's about feeling good inside and out. When we do yoga, we gently move our bodies in different ways, like reaching for the stars or touching our toes. It makes our muscles strong and helps us stand tall and straight. Yoga also helps our minds stay calm and focused. It's like a magic spell that makes stress disappear. We can breathe deeply, like blowing up a big balloon, and it makes us feel relaxed and peaceful. So, yoga is like a special tool that keeps our bodies and minds in great shape, helping us feel happy and peaceful every day. It's like a little secret for a big, beautiful life.

1. What does yoga help our minds do, according to the passage?

2. How does yoga make our muscles strong and help our posture?

3. What is a key benefit of yoga for our bodies?

(a) Learning to sing

(b) Moving in different ways

(c) Eating more

(d) Watching TV

4. How does yoga affect our minds?

(a) Makes stress disappear

(b) Makes us want to dance

(c) Makes us sleepy

(d) Makes us talk a lot

5. How is deep breathing in yoga compared in the passage?

(a) Like deflating a balloon

(b) Like flying in the sky

(c) Like holding your breath

(d) Like running a race

6. Find a synonym for “unwound” as used in the passage.

7. What is the opposite of “distracted” in the context of yoga?

4 4: Read the given passage carefully and answer the questions that follow.

Traffic rules are like the superheroes of the road. They keep us safe and make sure everything runs smoothly. These rules tell us important things like how fast we can drive, when to stop at a red light, and why we should let people walk safely. They're not there to make us feel bad but to keep everyone out of harm's way. Putting on seatbelts, helmets, and staying in the right lane is like wearing our own armour. It protects us from accidents. These rules also say no to dangerous things like drinking and driving. By following these rules, we're like traffic heroes, making the roads safer for all of us. It's like a team effort to prevent accidents, save lives, and keep traffic moving nicely. So, remember, traffic rules are there to help and protect us all.

1. From the passage find antonyms for the following words.

(a) safe- _______________

(b) harm- _______________

2. From the passage find synonyms for the following words.

(a) attempt - _______________

(b) obeying - _______________

3. What is the role of traffic rules on the road, according to the passage?

4. Why do traffic rules exist, and what is their purpose?

5. How do seatbelts and helmets act as protection while on the road?

6. What are some dangerous behaviours that traffic rules discourage?

7. What does following traffic rules make us on the road, as described in the passage?

1 1: Write an essay on the following topics.

1. A life-changing event that altered your perspective on the world

2. The first day of a new job or school

3. An unusual dream

2 2: Write an essay on the following topics.

1. Your favourite home that you have lived in, and what made that home so special.

2. The most influential teacher that you have had.

3. My best friend

3 3: Write an essay on the following topics.

1. Should students get limited access to the internet?

2. Tuition classes are necessary. Give your views.

3. Television does not have any positive impact on the child.

4 4: Write an essay on the following topics.

1. If you could go on a Space Adventure

2. If I had wings

3. A world without boundaries

1 1: Letter Writing

(1) You own a sports shop in Preet Vihar, Delhi. Write a letter to a wholesale dealer ordering cricket kits for your shop.

(2) You are a resident of Nihal Vihar, Faridabad. There is too much traffic chaos in your locality. The school children are the most vulnerable group as their safety is at stake. Write a letter to the Area MLA to solve the above mentioned problem.

(3) You are Rohit Sharma, monitor of class VIII in SM Arya Public School, Faridabad. Write a letter to your Principal asking him to arrange for special coaching in Science. Give reasons why you need this.

(4) Write a letter to your friend who just met with an accident informing him about his speedy recovery in a consoling tone in about 120-150 words. You are Manvi/Manav.

1 1: Message Writing

1. You, Rajat, receive a phone call from your father's office in his absence and have the following conversation with the speaker. Write a message, for your father as you have to go for your tuitions. Put the message in a box.

2. You are Anita/Anish. You stay in a hostel and share a room with Mita/ Manish, your classmate. You have been detected with Typhoid fever and some other complications. For this reason you have to be admitted in a hospital immediately. Draft a message telling your roommate why and where you are going and that you will be back in 7 days. Also request him/her to submit your Maths notebook for checking.

3. You are Vinay. You have arrived at the Mumbai Railway Station to board the Rajdhani Express bound for Delhi. You hear the following announcement. Write a message, to be sent to your father through your driver. Put the message in a box. This is for attention of all the passengers who have to board the Rajdhani Express bound for New Delhi scheduled to arrive at 4:00 pm. The Rajdhani Express has derailed 20 kms from Surat. Please note that August Kranti Express that leaves the Mumbai Railway Station at 6:00 pm, will carry all the passengers to their destination. The affected passengers are requested not to buy new tickets. The ticket for the Rajdhani Express will be valid in the August Kranti. We wish you a safe journey.

1 1: Notice Writing

1. Water supply will be suspended in your society campus for eight hours (9 am to 5 pm) on 2nd of August for cleaning of the water tank. Write a notice in about 50 words advising the residents to store water for a day. You are Subhan / Shabnam, Secretary, Surya Nagar Housing Society, Gurgaon.

2. You are Aman/Amita, the head girl/boy of XYZ International School. Your school is soon going to publish the annual magazine next month. Write a notice for the notice board of your school inviting students to submit write-ups.

1 1: Read the following and write postcards according to the format given above.

1. Write a postcard to your father for his permission to go on education tour.

2. Your hostel mate Sania has fractured her arm and has returned home to Mumbai. Write a postcard asking about her condition and wish her a speedy recovery.

3. You have spent your summer vacation with your grandparents in Khandala. Write a postcard thanking them for everything and asking them to visit you soon.

2 2: Write the following e-mails according to the format given above.

1. Write an e- mail to introduce a new employee to your team.

2. Write an e-mail to your friend Ashish/Anusha describing to him/her your first experience of snowfall at a hill station. You are Mohit.

3. You are Ram, an employee of Rubber India Limited. Hyderabad. You planned to visit your home during the month of January. But you are not able to go your home as you have been asked to go to Delhi during that period by the company. Send an email to your father showing your inability to go home as planned earlier.

1 1: Newspaper Report Writing

1. You are Rohan Sharma staff reporter of Hindustan Times. You were asked to cover a train accident. Mentioning all relevant details. write a report.

2. You are Pinky kapoor, the staff reporter of The Times of India. Write a report for your newspaper on a Road Safety Week organized in Delhi recently.

3. There was a rally organized by a youth organization against rampant corruption in the society. As Jay/Jaya Kumar, reporter of "The Hindustan Times" write a report.

1 1: Advertisement Writing

You want to sell your newly built flat. Draft a suitable advertisement in not more than 50 words to be inserted in the classified columns of 'The Hindu' giving all necessary details. You are Niranjan, 247, J.P. Nagar, Bengaluru. You are General Manager of Ivy Software Solutions, Agra Cantt, Agra. You need a software engineer for your organisation. Draft an advertisement in not more than 50 words to be published in 'The Times of India' under the classified columns

1 Poster And Slogans Writing

1. Design a poster for an Anti-Smoking Campaign being organised in your school. Provide all the relevant information.

2. Design a poster for a Health Mela being organised by Fortis Hospital. Provide all the relevant information.

3. Design a poster for a Heritage Walk being organised in your school. Provide all relevant information.

4. Design a poster for Road Safety Week being organized by Delhi Traffic Police, Provide all the relevant information.

5. Design a Poster for a Tree Plantation Campaign being organised by the Environment Club of your school. Provide all the relevant information.