1 1: Read the content and list out the common and proper nouns:
Cauvery River or Kaveri River is one of the major rivers of Southern India, which is considered as a sacred river, by the Hindus. The river rises at Talakaveri in the Brahmagiri hills of the Western Ghats in Karnataka. It flows through Karnataka, Tamil Nadu and then across the South Eastern Lowlands and finally surrenders in the Bay of Bengal through two principal mouths. The river Cauvery passes through only two states in India namely, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka. The length of Cauvery is 765 kilometres. In its course through Karnataka, Cauvery River has 12 dams for the purpose of irrigation.
2 2: Identify the countable and uncountable nouns.
1. She has long blond hair.
2. Every bird loves to hear itself sing.
3. Shalini loves to eat biscuit with milk.
4. The company fired some employees.
5. He is known for his kindness.
3 3: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate collective nouns.
1. The event started with the ___________ of musicians playing the school anthem.
2. Tommy was excited to see a ___________of elephants on the way to his native place.
3. The __________ of judges gave the verdict on the case.
4. The kid enjoyed seeing the ___________of pigeons take off all at once.
5. The award ceremony was a ___________ of stars as all the famous actors were present.
6. In the function, I was honoured with a __________ of flowers.
7. It is amazing to view the ________ of geese in the sky.
8. Wherever an actress went, a __________ people followed him.
4 4: Tick (√) the correct forms in the blanks. The first one is done for you.
1. An employer should appraise the ________ of his employees.
(a) able
(b) ability
2. He felt he would burst with _______ and shame.
(a) anger
(b) angry
3. I opened the packet just to satisfy my ____.
(a) curiosity
(b) curious
4. Her _______ to her work was admirable.
(a) dedicated
(b) dedication
5. He is admired for the ________ of his writing.
(a) elegant
(b) elegance
6. Our _________ has steadily strengthened over the years.
(a) friendship
(b) friendly
7. The economic ________ dipped to a low point last year.
(a) grow
(b) growth
8. He has no ________ of passing the examination.
(a) hope
(b) hopeful
5 5: Pick out the material nouns.
1. Glass is breakable.
2. I have a tin box full of wheat flour.
3. Rubber is used to make tyres.
4. Does your wife wear silk saree?
5. Jack wears cotton shirts.
6. Iron is used to make tools.
6 6: Point out the nouns in the following sentences and say whether they are common, proper, collective, material or abstract.
1. Always speak the truth.
2. Solomon was the wisest of all kings.
3. A committee of six was appointed to assess the situation.
4. Silver and gold are precious metals.
5. Jawaharlal Nehru was the first Prime Minister of India.
6. The boy was rewarded for his honesty.
8. The statue of Buddha is made of cement.
9. Sachin Tendulkar is a famous cricketer.
10. Amar is a lead singer in the school band.
1 1. Pick out all the adjectives and mention their kinds. The first one has been done for you.
1. Nisha is having numerous pens in her bag. (Adjective of quantity)
2. May I have three coffees, please?
3. Your mom cooks delicious food.
4. She is a supportive wife.
5. Most of us here like to eat Indian cuisine.
6. Rohan made several calls from his mobile.
7. Who was the first prime minister of India?
8. Rahul's water bottle is empty.
9. Ria is wearing a pretty dress.
10. She ate only half a slice of pizza.
2 2: Tick (√) the correct adjective to fill in the blanks.
1. ______ book belongs to Sonal.
(a) These
(b) That
(c) My
2. ______ house is hers?
(a) Which
(b) Whose
(c) What
3. Is _______ friend coming with us?
(a) those
(b) these
(c) your
4. __________ trees behind the school have grown tall.
(a) this
(b) that
(c) those
5. _________ are you wearing for tonight's event?
(a) What
(b) That
(c) Which
3 3. Mention the kind of underlined adjectives. The first one has been done for you.
1. I have the latest edition of a book. -________________
2. There are three magazines on the table.
3. Who is the best seller?
4. A dog is very faithful to its master.
5. Can I get my eraser back?
6. Can you give me some advice?
7. Those girls were preparing for the upcoming exam.
8. Piya secured the seventh rank in the test. - ___________________
9. Our team won the match. -_________________________
10. Eleena wrote many novels last year. - _______________________
4 4: Form adjectives from the following words by adding -ar, -able, -ish, -less, ic, -full, -ly, -y, -I've, -ous.
1. doubt
2. beauty
3. love
4. time
5. scenery
6. mystery
7. limit
8. memory
9. fault
10. girl
11. express
12. health
13. state
14. circle
15. anger
16. hero
5 5: Form opposites of the following adjectives by adding un, im, in, dis, ir.
1. _____ able
2. _____ lucky
3. _____ obey
4. _____ direct
5. _____ moral
6. _____ honest
7. _____ regular
8. _____ complete
9. _____ discipline
10. _____ necessary
6 6: Fill in the blanks with the correct degrees of comparison of the adjectives given in the bracket.
1. No other boy is as ________________ as James. (tall)
2. Milk is ________________ than any other food. (nourishing)
3. Radium is one of the ________________ metals. (valuable)
4. Few English poets were as ________________as Wordsworth. (great)
5. Shimla is _______________ than most other hill stations in India. (famous)
6. Gold is one of the ________________ metals. (precious)
7. Solomon was ________________ than any other king. (wise)
8. Few historians write as ________________as Macaulay. (well)
9. Very few books are as ________________ as David Copperfield. (popular)
10. A train is ________________ than a car. (fast)
7 7: Write the comparative and superlative degrees of these adjectives.
1. bright
2. thin
3. heavy
4. popular
5. long
6. wise
7. suitable
8. large
9. merry
10. famous
8 8: Correct the following sentences.
1. She is the most prettiest girl I have ever seen.
2. His health has become worst than it was a month ago.
3. Geeta’s hair is curly than Meeta’s hair.
4. Give me a smallest cup of tea.
5. This watch is prettier than the previous one.
6. He is the smart of all the students in the class.
7. My pony tail is more longer than yours.
1 1. Fill in the blanks with appropriate pronouns.
1. The boss hire __________ today. (we/us)
2. Could ______ (you/yourself) take a message, please.
3. Let ______ help you with that. (my/me)
4. _________ (this/that) book lying here is mine.
5. ________ (Each/either) of us were given a gift hamper.
6. I met Tom _________ (which/who) just returned from Switzerland.
7. The dog almost choked ________. (himself/itself)
2 2: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate personal pronoun.
Amy : Do you want to buy some coloured balloons for your party on Sunday? Susan : Yes, but it's all right because my neighbour, Sofiya, had some packets of balloons left over from _______ party last week so _______ is going to lend _______ to me. Nita : That's great. Is Sofiya coming to the party? Susan : I've invited of course, but _______ isn't sure if ________ can come or not! Her aunt is leaving for America on Sunday evening and she has to drive _______ to the airport. Nita : What about Peter? Is he coming? _______ loves to attend parties, doesn't he? Susan: I expect _______ will be there along with _____ sister, Merry. _________ is a lovely girl. So helpful and caring. Amy : Yes. Okay, see you later. Ask if you need anything. Bye. Susan: Bye. Thanks, and see _________soon, Amy.
3 3: Fill in the blanks with suitable possessive pronouns.
1. This mobile is ________. I bought it last month.
2. This pen is ________. She lent it to me just now.
3. The fault is ________. I should not have wasted so much time.
4. I have lost my pencil. Can I borrow _________?
5. As soon as I have finished my work, I will help you to finish_______.
6. Our kitten is very cute. _________ fur is so soft.
7. Karan lost his wallet yesterday. Could this wallet be ________?
8. The blue car is ___________. They bought it last week.
4 4: Fill in the blanks with Interrogative Pronouns.
1. ___________ is that you are hiding? ___________ is my new smartwatch.
2. ___________ of these bags is yours? ___________ bag lying on the table is mine.
3. ___________ dress will suit me among these two? ___________ one looks pretty.
4. ___________ is the cleverest boy in the class? ___________ boy sitting in the corner is the cleverest of all.
5. ___________ is this lovely bag? ___________ is Nisha's new bag.
5 5: See the underlined pronoun and say whether it is a reflexive pronoun or an emphatic pronoun.
1. She herself goes to the gym to practice for two hours daily.
2. We decorated the tree and wrapped all the gifts ourselves.
3. Only I myself is allowed to enter in my office.
4. When the bear itself is inside the tent, how can I get in?
5. She practised the dance steps by herself all day.
6. You yourself know the importance of performing yoga.
7. That woman herself has cleaned all the windows alone.
8. Every day both the brothers themselves make their beds.
6 6: Choose the correct relative pronoun.
1. The panda bear is an animal __________ is in danger of extinction. (who/which)
2. The woman ___________ you were speaking to is my teacher. (who/which)
3. This dress __________ was my favourite is too small for me now. (who/which)
4. London is the city ___________ my best friend lives. (who/where)
5. I live in a building ___________ has 30 floors. (where/which)
6. Can you name the country ____________ Albert was born? (Which/Where)
7. I know the man____________ son is a doctor now. (who/whose)
8. Jack is the one_________ car is parked in front of our house. (where/whose)
7 7: Rewrite the sentences by omitting relative pronouns. Put the preposition in proper position. First one has been done for you.
1. The mountain on which I wanted to climb was quite tall.
2. This is a pen with which I write.
3. That is the bus by which I came.
4. The lady about whom I was talking is my aunt.
5. I want to visit the park in which the incident happened.
8 8: Choose the correct option from the bracket and fill in the blanks.
1. She put _____________ in the box. All the things that she has. (everything/nothing)
2. Would you like ___________ to eat? (something/nothing)
3. The school is closed. __________ has gone home. (everyone/anyone)
4. __________ of you must bring an English textbook. (Each/Any)
5. I have many clothes. I don't want to wear __________ of them. (many/any)
6. ________ doesn't know what to do in such situation. (Somebody/Nobody
9 9: In the sentences given below identify the pronoun and state its type.
1. She met me on the highway. ____________
2. I forgot my purse in the hall. ____________
3. Who are you talking to over the phone. ____________
4. She lost the book which I gave her. ____________
5. Each and every aspect has been discussed. ____________
6. Which of these is a road to your school. ____________
7. The book of hers became very popular. ____________
8. Those are not my toys. ____________
1 1: Identify the direct and indirect objects in the following sentences. Also underline the transitive verbs.
1. Can you make me some tea?
2. I will get you something to drink.
3. My mother told me an interesting story.
4. I asked him the reason for his distress.
5. If she is angry, please send her some flowers.
6. I gave him my books.
7. She asked me an important question.
8. Dad bought me a bicycle for my birthday.
9. Please bring me that file.
2 2: In the following sentences, underline the verbs and identify them as transitive or intransitive.
1. The marathon runners ran slowly initially.
2. I made sandwich for breakfast.
3. It was raining until a few hours back.
4. The priest read out a long sermon.
5. Mr. Manjrekar narrated the script to the movie star.
6. Mitesh was tired after the jog.
7. Someone ate my porridge and ran away cried Goldie.
8. Bankim Chandra Chattyopadhyay wrote our national song.
3 3: Choose the appropriate form of verbs in the blanks.
1. I _________ her for a long time.
(a) know
(b) knew
(c) knowing
2. It was Zubin who ________ the police.
(a) alert
(b) alerts
(c) alerted
3. We __________ for ages.
(a) are waiting
(b) waits
(c) waiting
4. The box ______ so heavy that I could not lift it.
(a) is
(b) was
(c) has
5. Age and experience ________ wisdom to man.
(a) bring
(b) brings
(c) bringing
6. He ________ to school every day.
(a) go
(b) went
(c) goes
7. The Mughals have _________ the battle of Panipat.
(a) win
(b) wins
(c) won
4 4: Change the verbs in brackets into the Past Tense.
Last Thursday (to be) __________ a very wonderful day for me. I (get) __________ up at 6 in the morning, (have) __________ breakfast with my family, and (take) __________ a shower. That day (to be) ___________ my birthday, and I (feel) __________ very excited. My family and I (get) ___________ ready at 5 p.m. At 6 p.m., the cake-cutting ceremony (begin) _________. My parents (invite) __________ all my friends to the birthday party. Everyone in the party (look) _________ happy. Everyone (enjoy) __________ in my birthday party. In my birthday party, there (to be) __________ many dishes, beverages, and sweets. Moreover, some of my friends danced and (sing) __________ for me. All people at the party (wish) _________ me a very happy birthday.
5 5: Fill in the columns with the past and past participle form of the given verbs.
6 6: Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs.
1. You are guilty. You should __________. (apology)
2. Do you know what this statue ________. (symbol)
3. She usually ___________ her house for all the festivals. (decor)
4. Sneha always tries to _________ all the problems. (simple)
5. What subject do you ____________? (special)
6. I think this complex exercise _________ me. (strength)
1 1: Fill in the blanks with at, till, for, since, on, by, in.
1. Many shops do not open ___________ Sunday.
2. I started the company ___________ 2010.
3. I do not usually work ___________ the weekend.
4. Send me the reports ___________ Monday.
5. I have waited for Ruhi ___________ 9 pm.
6. I have been waiting for you ___________ 7 o'clock.
7. My best friend is living in Dubai ___________ two years.
2 2: Read the following sentences and fill in the blanks with prepositions given in the box.
(in, before, during, for, between, on, at, by, from, until, since)
1. I will be here _________ next week.
2. The school reopens _________ Monday.
3. They will be here from Monday ________ Friday.
4. He hasn't worked _________ he lost his job.
5. They reached the railway station _________ the train left.
6. It usually rains _________ the month of July.
7. You must leave _________ evening.
8. She was absent _________ a week.
9. What were you doing _________ 6:00 pm to 7:00 pm?
10. We met a lot of interesting people _________ our holiday.
3 3: Fill in the blanks with suitable prepositions given in the box.
1. Television is kept ___________ the room.
2. The village is ___________ the hills.
3. This piece of land was a dispute ___________ the four boys.
4. The two children were not ready to distribute the chocolate _______them.
5. Mohit is sitting ___________ his mother in the party.
6. Police caught and beat the thief ___________ the whole crowd.
7. She purchased this dress ____________ Delhi Bazar.
8. She studies __________ Sompura.
4 4: Look at the picture below and fill in the correct preposition.
(at beside between in among beyond from in front of)
1. There is a boy standing _________________ a tall tree.
2. A girl is sitting __________________ her mother on a rug on the grass.
3. There is a ball ______________________ a swing.
4. A squirrel is ____________________ a flower bush.
5. There is a boy __________________ the tunnel.
6. There is a girl standing __________________ the tree house.
7. There is a dog _________________________ two trees.
8. A boy is standing ___________________ a tree house.
9. There is a cat peeping out from ____________________ a flower bush.
10. There is a girl __________________________ a swing.
5 5: Fill in the blanks with from, into, over, out of, along, through, to, across.
1. We are flying __________ Paris for our holidays.
2. Water runs __________ the pipes.
3. The dolphins jumped __________ the sea.
4. He walked __________ the road.
5. The plane flew __________ the clouds.
6. There were many shops __________ the street.
7. The train came __________ the tunnel.
8. The doctor has already gone __________ the clinic.
9. Neha walks _____ her office every day.
10. The train passes __________ the tunnel.
6 6: Fill in the blanks with appropriate preposition given in the box.
(over up from into across towards around)
1. I want to travel all _____________ the world and see all the countries.
2. Mrs. Joe is climbing ________ the stairs.
3. The students are going ________ the classroom.
4. A kind man is helping the man go ___________ the street.
5. The young man was trying to jump _________ the wall.
6. A wind blows ________ the west.
7. He drives his car __________ the hotel with his wife.
7 7: Complete the following sentences using phrasal prepositions given below.
1. ________________ his hard work, he failed the test.
(a) By means of
(b) In spite of
(c) Because of
2. ________________ doctors, smoking can cause cancer.
(a) In accordance with
(b) According to
(c) On behalf of
3. The trains arrived late ________________ heavy rains.
(a) in spite of
(b) on behalf of
(c) due to
4. I stayed in bed all day ________________ going to work.
(a) in addition to
(b) in spite of
(c) instead of
5. Thoughts are conveyed ________________ words.
(a) on account of
(b) by virtue of
(c) in spite of
8 8: Choose the correct option to fill in the blanks.
1. Is your brother ________ home?
a) on
b) in
c) at
2. No one can live _____________ water.
a) without
b) over
c) with
3. We sleep ___________ night.
a) on
b) for
c) at
4. The building will be constructed __________ two days.
a) about
b) in
c) on
5. She has been absent _________ Wednesday.
a) for
b) from
c) since
6. Sneha has lived in this village ___________ 1978.
a) since
b) from
c) for
7. The mountains were covered __________ snow.
a) with
b) but
c) except
8. The snake was killed somebody.
a) from
b) by
c) for
9. The Kachchh express starts __________ Bhuj.
a) by
b) from
c) for
10. The girl standing _______________ me was sneezing.
a) beside
b) across
c) during
1 1: Fill in the blanks with an appropriate coordinating conjunction.
1. She got up ____________ walked towards the door.
2. She was poor, ____________ she never asked any favour of anybody.
3. I started early ____________ I was still late for the meeting.
4. I work ____________ I want to be financially independent.
6. It was cold outside, ____________ I put on a sweater.
7. She worked hard ____________ she wanted to support her family.
8. She was poor, ____________ she was always neatly dressed.
9. You can take the bus ____________ you can hire a car.
10. She was here, ____________ I could not meet her.
2 2: Join the sentences with and, but, or.
1. We watered the plant. The plants died.
2. I wrote the essay. I presented a poem in the conference.
3. We can have dinner at home. We can go to the restaurant.
4. Shanaya can play the piano wee. She cannot sing.
5. My father dropped me at school. He went to work.
3 3: Choose the correct option.
1. ________ she ________ her parents did this work.
(a) Either…or
(b) Neither…nor
(c) Not only…but also
2. She turned off the lights ________ ________ she could sleep.
(a) although
(b) so that
(c) such as
3. ________ did I open my umbrella ________ it started raining.
(a) Not only…. but also
(b) No sooner…did
(c) Neither…nor
4. ________ she is very famous, ________ she is humble.
(a) Whether…or
(b) Both….and
(c) Although….yet
5. ________ Jenny ________ Ronny attended the party.
(a) Either…or
(b) Neither…..nor
(c) Both…or
6. Diya is ________ a dancer ________ a singer.
(a) such…as
(b) both…and
(c) neither…nor
7. Do you know ________ he will be coming today ________ not?
(a) No sooner…than
(b) Not only…but also
(c) whether…or
4 4: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate conjunction given in the bracket.
1. I will do the homework __________ I complete my lunch. (because/after)
2. __________ you create a caloric deficit, you will lose weight. (though/if)
3. __________ he is always late to the class, he is doing well. (though/since)
4. __________she studied hard, she failed her class. (when/even though)
5. __________ people try a lot, they can still make mistakes. (after/although)
6. I am exhausted __________ I have been playing all day. (as/if)
7. She waited for me __________I picked her up. (if/till)
8. We walk __________we may reach to our destination. (in order that/while)
9. Manisha is feeling weak __________ he hasn't eaten since morning. (once/because)
10. Arya cancelled her plans __________ it was raining heavily. (because/since)
5 5: Join the sentences with the conjunction of your choice.
1. John wants to fry an egg. There is no oil in the jar.
2. The man went into the yard. He cut the grass.
3. We ate all our lunch. We were very hungry.
4. He was very intelligent. He was very kind.
5. The children were very tired. They continue playing in the park.
6. The boy got the prize. He saved a little girl.
7. The cookies are homemade. The cookies are tasty.
8. My sister likes to play piano. My sister likes to play guitar.
9. I needed food. I needed rest after the tiring journey.
10. The child must eat nutritious food. He will become weak.
11. We rushed her to the hospital. We managed to save her.
12. She is already seven years old. She cannot eat on her own.
13. You cannot go out to play. You must clean your study table.
14. We were very disappointed. We lost the match.
15. My sister is creative. She writes very well.
1 1: Read the following sentences and rewrite them in indirect speech.
1. The mother said to the daughter “I have prepared sandwich for you”.
2. Sahil said, ” The dogs were barking while I was walking in the park”.
3. Avni said to Sofie, “I need some time.”
4. Nandini says to Jiya, “I am your friend and will remain forever”.
5. She said to me “It may be bright and sunny”.
6. My friends said, “We enjoyed our holiday in London.”
7. Ana said to him, “You should take the medicine regularly”
8. Piyush said to Karan, “I baked a cake in the morning.”
2 2: Rewrite the following sentences in indirect speech.
1. The postman said to her, “I have a letter for you”.
2. She said to her friend, “We will go out and play in the rain.”
3. The teacher said to the students, “You are late for school.”
4. Sameer said, “I will wait here for my father.”
3 3: Read the following sentences and rewrite them in indirect speech.
1. The customer said to him, “ I will come to your shop tomorrow”.
2. Snehal said to her friend, “You didn't meet me yesterday”.
3. He said: "It is cold here."
4. Lisa said to Zeel, "Tim went to the stadium an hour ago."
5. Micky said, "I am going to read a book this week."
4 4: Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.
1. He said to his servant, "Leave the room at once"
2. He said to him, "Please wait here till I return."
3. My mother said to me, "Cook the food properly"
4. The teacher said to a student, "Don't waste your time"
5. My elder brother said to me, "Please post this letter for me"
6. The police officer said to a thief, "Don't try to be clever.
7. He shouted, "Let me go."
8. She said. "Be quiet and listen to his words"
5 5: Change the following sentences into Indirect Speech.
1. Rahul told to me, “When are you leaving?”
2. “Where do you live?” The stranger asked Aladdin.
3. The teacher said to Shelly, “Why are you laughing?”
4. He said to us, “Has she been spinning since yesterday?”
5. She said to him, “Had I been absenting myself from school for a month?”
6 6: Rewrite the following exclamatory and imperative sentences in indirect speech.
1. I said, “Alas! My pet died!”
2. Sukirti said, “Hurrah! Our team has won the match.”
3. The mother said, “Best of luck for your exams.”
4. I said to the boy, “Please have patience for God's sake!”
5. The priest said to us, “Always be kind to the downtrodden.”
6. Sapna said, “Oh no! I lost my bag.”
1 1: Fill in the blanks with right Question Tags.
1. Rahul knows about the meeting, _________________? (doesn't he/does he)
2. The weather is so cold today, ___________________? (is it/isn't it)
3. You don't have any cake for me, __________________? (do you/don't you)
4. There is something on the roof, _______________? (isn't there/is there)
5. Shumona is a teacher, ______________? (isn't she/is she)
6. Let's go to a restaurant, _______________? (don't we/shall we)
7. He can't wait for the classes to begin, _____________? (can't he/can he)
8. Please, open a window, _____________? (are you/will you)
9. Don't follow her advice, _____________? (will you/do you)
10. I am right, ____________? (aren't I/ am I)
11. Jack will come to the seminar tonight, _____________? (will he/won’t he)
12. Riya never acts so rudely, _____________? (doesn't she/does she)
13. Sam isn’t a student, _____________? (is he/does he)
14. It is very humid today, _____________? (is it/isn't it)
15. Pooja is beautiful, _____________? (isn't she/is she)
1 4: Explain the following proverbs in your own words.
1. admit
2. mistake
3. enemy
4. fake
5. sacred
6. hold
2 2: Give the antonyms of the following words:
1. rigid
2. freedom
3. knowledge
4. encourage
5.attack
3 3: Use the prefixes in, im, ir or dis to make antonyms. You can use each prefix twice.
qualify
sensitive
direct
obedient
responsible
patient
4 4: Use these words to frame sentences of your own.
1. piece ________________________________________________________________
peace ________________________________________________________________
2. berth ________________________________________________________________
birth ________________________________________________________________
3. reign ________________________________________________________________
rain _________________________________________________________________
4. drown _______________________________________________________________
sink _________________________________________________________________
5. heal _________________________________________________________________
heel _________________________________________________________________
5 5: Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word given in the bracket.
1. My parents ________________ (allowed/aloud) me to watch a move with my friend.
2. The shopkeeper sells ink, paper, chart paper, books, and envelopes in his___________ shop. (stationary, stationery)
3. That deep wound took a long period of time to ________. (heal, heel)
4. All the students _______ Rohan attended the classes. (except, expect)
5. Give me a nail cutter, I want to ________ my nails. (pare, pair)
6. My cat drinks one ______ of milk every day. (litre, litter)
7. I love her ______ dress. (blue, blew)
1 1: Read the following passage.
Eskimos live in the polar areas. They are not usually tall but they have powerful legs and shoulders. They have a common language and can understand members of another group although they may come from many thousands of miles away. Marriage is by mutual consent. They do not have a special marriage ceremony. Eskimos live by hunting and fishing. The Eskimo snow house, which is called igloo, is very well-known, but in fact, Eskimos usually live in houses made of wood and turf. When they are not hunting and working, Eskimos like to carve. They use ivory and wood and they often make very beautiful objects.
On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions.
1. What do the Eskimos look like?
2. How does a common language help them?
3. How do they earn their living?
4. What activities do they engage in during their spare time?
5. Mention the two types of houses Eskimos live in.
6. Find a word from the passage the means “agreement”.
2 2: Read the following passage.
Homeopathy is a form of alternative medicine, first proposed by German physician Samuel Hahnemann in 1796, that attempts to treat patients with heavily diluted medicines. Homeopathic remedies are prepared by: serial dilution with shaking by forceful striking, which homeopaths term succession after each dilution under the assumption that this increases the effect of the treatment. Homeopaths call this process potentization. Dilution often continues until none of the original substance remains. Homeopathic reference books known as repertories are then consulted, and a remedy is selected based on the totality of symptoms. Homeopathic remedies are considered safe, but are criticized for putting patients at risk due to advice against conventional medicine such as vaccinations, anti-malarial drugs, and antibiotics, depending on the dilution, homeopathic remedies may not contain any pharmacologically active molecules, and for such remedies to have a pharmacological effect would violate fundamental principles of science. Modern homeopaths have proposed that water has a memory that allows homeopathic preparations to work without any of the original substance; however, there are no verified observations or scientifically plausible physical mechanisms for such a phenomenon. The lack of convincing scientific evidence supporting homeopathy's efficacy and its use of remedies lacking active ingredients have caused homeopathy to be described as pseudoscience.
On the basis of your understanding of the passage, answer the following questions.
1. Homeopathy treat patients with
(a) heavy medicine
(b) strong medicine
(c) diluted medicine
(d) concentrated medicine
2. Homeopathic remedies are prepared by seal dilution with shaking by forceful striking the procedures known as
(a) succession
(b) potentization
(c) dilution
(d) convention
3. A report of UK states that homeopathy is not more useful than a placebo because after dilution the medicine don't contain any
(a) chemical
(b) acid
(c) pharmacologically active substance
(d) vaccine against diseases
4. Homeopathy is also termed pseudoscience because
(a) is based on false nations effectiveness
(b) it lacks scientific evidence on its
(c) it has side effects
(d) it is a slow treatment
5. The word in the passage which means the same as the facts/objects that make you believe that
(a) pharmacology
(b) placebo
(c) accredited
(d) evidence
1 1: With the help of the given clues, write a bio-sketch of Subhash Chandra Bose in not 80-100 words.
Name: Subash Chandra Bose; Netaji Contribution: immense, Freedom Fighter Born: January 23, 1897, in Cuttack, Orissa Career: Civil Services Achievements: Joined struggle; established Indian National Army Motto: Give me blood and I will give you the freedom Setback: Retreat after the defeat of Japan and Germany Death: Air crash over Taipei, Taiwan (Formosa) on August 18,1945
2 2: Given below is a profile of Kiran Bedi, the super cop of India. Write a short bio—sketch of Kiran Bedi taking the help of the clues given below.
Aged: Around 65 years, robust physique. Pleasing and dynamic personality Family: Second of four daughters, born into an extraordinary family with visionary parents Education: Bachelors Degree in English from Amritsar (1968). Masters in Political Science. LLB from Delhi University and a Ph.D. degree from IIT Delhi (1993) Hobbies: Great tennis player, noted author, social worker Profession: The first woman officer in the elite Indian Police Service (1972), The Inspector General of Asia's biggest Jail - the Tihar Jail in 1993. Introduced many classes and programmes for the inmates including those on basic education, meditation, yoga besides functions like Kavi Sammelans, dramas, and games Awards: won President's Gallantry Award (1979), Asia Region Award for others
1 Study the picture given below. Write a story or description or an account to what it suggests to you.
Hint: This picture consists of two, not very well dressed, poor kids, playing in the rain.
Happiness doesn't lie amidst riches and luxuries of life, nor in big bungalows or swimming pools. Happiness is a positive and pleasant emotion, ranging from contentment to intense joy. Happiness lies in being together, even in drastic times of life. In this picture, what I see is that there are two kids and irrespective of being poor and not having extravagant attire, they find happiness in the different aspects of nature, which most of us who are well privileged, are unable to experience. We are so busy in finding happiness in materialism that we forget the abundance of blessings that God has given us. These kids are satisfied with their two-time meal per day and won't complain about anything which privileged kids usually tend to do, and they have found a way to enjoy within the blessings of nature. This picture does take me back to those days when we used to make paper boats and float them in the puddles which were filled with rainwater and used How ironic, that happiness can even be found in small puddles of life. Finding joy in one another is also a major door to happiness. We can find it everywhere around us, in small as well as big things, in nature as well in our own home, amidst our own people. Happiness lies in togetherness, it lies in one's eyes and not in materialistic things. People nowadays, run after artificial happiness in life and then, at the end of the day, when they return to their homes, there's no one to sit and talk about the day with. You may get satisfaction while attaining artificial things but happiness.
2 Gauri sees the following scene as she looks out of her bedroom window. She is alarmed at the way her city has changed in the past five years. She writes the following description of the scenario.
Our cities are changing very fast. My father tells me there were no traffic jams in our city ten years before. Then nobody found it difficult to cross the road. Today, the roads are better and wider but crossing them is always dangerous. The traffic jams have become common. There are few trees and in the evening the smoke envelops the city. It is not easy to breathe in the polluted air. It is all due to the vehicles on the road. There are more cars than the city roads can accommodate. As a result breathing diseases such as asthma have become very common. Something must be done to lessen the number of vehicles on the road.
3 Now, look at the picture given here and write and interesting stories. You may use your own imagination to make the story appear realistic.
